| Description | Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. | ||||||||||||||||
| In Vitro | Azithromycin (2 μM) augments rhinovirus-induced IFNβ expression in primary bronchial epithelial cells from asthmatics, which is associated with over-expression of RIG-I like receptors and repression of viral replication. Knockdown of MDA5, but not knockdown of RIG-I, diminishes azithromycin (2 μM)-enhanced viral-induced IFNβ expression in asthmatic primary bronchial epithelial cells[1]. Azithromycin specifically reduces MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels without affecting NF-κB in endotoxin-challenged monocytic THP-1 cells[2]. | ||||||||||||||||
| In Vivo | Azithromycin (50 mg/kg) has no effect on bronchoalveolar lavage inflammatory parameters and LDH levels in a mouse model of asthma exacerbation. Azithromycin induces neither general inflammatory parameters nor LDH release in a mouse model of asthma exacerbation, and augments expression of interferon-stimulated genes and the pattern recognition receptor MDA5 but not RIG-I in exacerbating mice[1]. | ||||||||||||||||
| Preparing Stock Solutions |
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. |
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| Cell Assay [2] |
THP-1 cells (106 cells in 1 mL RPMI medium, without antibiotics, growth factors or serum) are seeded in each well of 24-well plates and allowed to settle for 1 hour. Next, 50 μL of the test compound is added followed by 50 μL of LPS (final concentration of 10 μg/mL). After 24h (37°C and 5% CO2) the supernatants and cell pellets are collected (1200 rpm, 5 min). THP-1 cell viability is tested using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). MTT is dissolved at 2 mg/mL in PBS and aliquots are stored at -20°C. The MTT assay is performed according to the suppliers instructions. Absorbance of MTT converted into formazan is measured at a wavelength of 570 nm with background subtraction at 630 nm. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. | ||||||||||||||||
| Molecular Weight | 748.98 | ||||||||||||||||
| Formula | C₃₈H₇₂N₂O₁₂ | ||||||||||||||||
| CAS No. | 83905-01-5 | ||||||||||||||||
| Storage |
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| Shipping | Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere | ||||||||||||||||
| Solvent & Solubility | 10 mM in DMSO
* “<1 mg/mL” means slightly soluble or insoluble. “≥” means soluble, but saturation unknown. |
